Дигиталната трансформация като фактор за трансформация на конкурентоспособността на българската и европейската икономика

Автори:
Страници: 69-75

Резюме:

The article examines digital transformation as a structural factor reshaping the determi nants of competitiveness in the Bulgarian and European economy. The analysis proceeds from the understanding that competitiveness is no longer based predominantly on labour costs, traditional capital accumulation or access to established markets, but increasingly on the capacity to deploy digital technologies, develop human capital, integrate data into managerial and production processes, and sustain innovation dynamics. The paper combines a concise conceptual discussion with a com parative empirical profile of Bulgaria and the European Union based on recent indicators on digital skills, ICT specialists, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, data analytics, e-commerce, R&D expenditure, e-government and the digital intensity of enterprises. The results show that the EU as a whole continues to advance in business digitalisation and innovation capability, yet remains below some of its 2030 digital targets. Bulgaria, in turn, possesses relatively good connectivity conditions and a dynamic ICT niche, but continues to lag behind the EU average in the diffusion of advanced digital technologies, in adult learning participation, in the innovation base of firms and in the broad digital readiness of the labour force. The article argues that the central challenge for Bulgaria is not the absence of digital potential, but the limited depth of its economic absorption. Without stronger investment in skills, enterprise transformation, research and innovation linkages, digitalisation will remain uneven and will not be converted into a stable source of higher productivity and long-term competitiveness.

Ключови думи:

digital transformation; competitiveness; Bulgaria; European Union; digital skills; inno vation; enterprises.

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